An ethnonym (from the Greek: ἔθνος, éthnos, "nation" and ὄνομα, ónoma, "name") is the name applied to a given ethnic group. Ethnonyms can be divided into two categories: exonyms (where the name of the ethnic group has been created by another group of people) and autonyms or endonyms (self-designation; where the name is created and used by the ethnic group itself).
As an example, the ethnonym for the ethnically dominant group in Germany is the Germans. This ethnonym is an exonym used by the English-speaking world, although the term itself is derived from Latin. Conversely, Germans themselves use the autonym of die Deutschen.
Contents 1 Variations 2 Change over time 3 Linguistics 4 References 5 See also // VariationsNumerous ethnonyms can apply to the same ethnic or racial group, with various levels of recognition, acceptance and use. The State Library of South Australia contemplated this issue when considering Library of Congress Headings for literature pertaining to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Some 20 different ethnonyms were considered as potential Library of Congress headings, but it was recommended that only a fraction of them be employed for the purposes of cataloguing.1
Change over timeEthnonyms can change in character over time; while originally socially acceptable, they may come to be considered offensive. For instance, the term Gypsy has been used to refer to the Roma. Other examples include Vandal, Bushman, Barbarian, and Philistine.
The ethnonyms applied to African Americans have demonstrated a greater evolution; older terms such as colored carried negative connotations and have been replaced by modern-day equivalents such as black or African-American.2 Other ethnonyms such as Negro have a different status. The term was considered acceptable in its use by activists such as Martin Luther King in the 1960s,3 but other activists took a different perspective. In discussing an address in 1960 by Elijah Muhammad, it was stated "to the Muslims, terms like Negro and colored are labels created by white people to negate the past greatness of the black race".4
Four decades later, a similar difference of opinion remains. In 2006, one commentator suggested that the term is outdated or offensive in many quarters,2 although its use remains in organisations such as the United Negro College Fund;5 similarly, the word "colored" still appears in the name of the NAACP, or National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
In this context, an ethnonym has the potential to mimic the phenomenon of the euphemism treadmill.
Linguistics Main article: DemonymIn English, ethnonyms are generally formulated through suffixation; by applying an -n to people of Austria, their nationality is known as Austrian. In English, in many cases, the word for the dominant language of a group is identical to their English-language ethnonym; the French speak French, the Germans speak German. This is sometimes erroneously overgeneralized; a child may assume that people from India speak "Indian",6 despite there being no language which is called by that name.
References ^ Aboriginal Rountable (1995): LCSH for ATSI People. ^ a b http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/soc/355lect11.htm ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=TU_HozbJSC8C&pg=PA40&vq=negro&sig=ycXGnb7ZfX3pMQAaFXnollgzuJU ^ Message from the Wilderness of North America. A Journal for MultiMedia History article. ^ Mrs. Bush's Remarks at United Negro College Fund Anniversary. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=KOsXN9eJvDkC&pg=PA34&lpg=PA34&dq=%22talking+in+indian%22&source=web&ots=f3UdtDOKf5&sig=QFESOJKnRr7DVHNjk_Qpgi6nhBk See also -onym Diaspora studies demonym exonym Hyphenated American Statistextethnonym ( ) n. The name of a people or ethnic group. ethnonymic eth ' nonym ' ic adj. ... This ethnonym is an exonym used by the English-speaking world, although the term ...
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Kyrgyzstan /; KUR-gi-stahn; Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан, Кыргызстан
Inter-Ethnic Dynamics in Asia: Considering the Other through Ethnonyms, Territories and Rituals (Routledge Contemporary Asia Series) Routledge
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the Christian Bible we find a similar creation myth buried inside the very name of the first man Adam Adam was made from nothing that is from dust That s what his name means One striking feature of the Adam and Eve creation myth in Genesis is the pottery metaphor a god formed humans from clay or dust This is a worldwide element in creation stories
Turkmen People - Turkic People
African Ethnonyms and Toponyms (General History of Africa Studies and Documents (Unesco)) (v. 6) United Nations Educational
Translations of ethnonym. ethnonym synonyms, ethnonym antonyms. Information about ethnonym in the free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. ...
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and Davidson was here placing earlier citations by Basedow 1914 and Clement 1903 of a variant of the ethnonym known to Tindale as Bailgu modern Palyku see Davidson s listing in his 1938 Register p 104
The Germanic Tribes 1 - Barbarians Against Romans 5/5
Algonquin: Ojibwe Language, Wahgoshig First Nation, List of Algonquin Ethnonyms, Ardoch Algonquin First Nation Books LLC
An ethnonym refers to an ethnic group, or a group of people who identify with each other as a distinct "people." Ethnonyms are either endonyms ...
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of whitecaps on Lake Athabasca or on the Athabasca River But how about cattails after they pop in the fall and explode with white puffy fluff Both could be called white grass Athabasca The toponym place name and the ethnonym people s name contain the same Cree root for grass as Wabiskaw or Wabasca
The Germanic Tribes 1 - Barbarians Against Romans 4/5
Algonquian Ethnonyms: Mashantucket Pequot Tribe, Missouria, Abenaki, Mahican, Kickapoo, Innu, Sac, Miami Tribe, Eskimo, Pequot, Mohawk Nation Books LLC
The ethnonym plays a main role in Tatar self-identification ... They are used as a modifier of the general ethnonym, for instance, Nogay Tarari. ...
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mr morgan s 1953 hudson super wasp atlanta ga
The Germanic Tribes 1 - Barbarians Against Romans 3/5
Ethnonyms: Israelites, Creole Peoples, Volksdeutsche, Names of the Greeks, Byzantine Greeks, Sangley, Names of Syriac Christians, Afghan Books LLC
As an example, the ethnonym for the ethnically dominant group in ... This ethnonym is an exonym used by the English-speaking world, although the term itself ...
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The ethnonym has also been traced to a frankon quot javelin lance quot Old English franca compare the Saxons named after the seax knife and the Lombards named after the battle axe the throwing axe of the Franks is known as the Francisca but conversely the weapon may also have been named after the tribe A C Murray says The etymology of Franci is uncertain the fierce ones is the favourite explanation but the name is undoubtedly of Germanic origin 2 The meaning of quot free quot English frank frankly arose because after the conquest of Gaul only Franks had the status of freemen By the sixth century two main legal subdivisions existed within the Franks the Salian quot salty quot and the Ripuarian quot river quot Franks from the wikipedia
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Ethnohistory of the Kayanic peoples in northeast Borneo (part 1): evidence from their languages, old ethnonyms, and social organization (1).: An article from: Borneo Research Bulletin Thomson Gale
Find dictionary definitions, audio pronunciations, and spellings for ethnonym in the free online American Heritage Dictionary on Yahoo! Education
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the Egyptians or the ethnonym only means Southerner without any reference to phenotypic divergence between Nile Valley Ancient Africans I take it the people below are also NHsyw then
The Germanic Tribes 1 - Barbarians Against Romans 1/5
Anishinaabe Culture: Anishinaabe Traditional Beliefs, List of Ojibwa Ethnonyms, Anishinaabe Clan System, List of Potawatomi Ethnonyms Books LLC
Meaning of ethnonym. Pronunciation of ethnonym. Definition of the word ethnonym. Origin of the word ethnonym ... Browse dictionary definitions near ethnonym ...
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scholar Hu Xiaopeng who traces the word Huihui along a complicated path through the shifting web of alliances and tribal antagonisms that preceded the formation of the Mongol empire 3 Scholars generally agree that the first instance of the use of Huihui as an ethnonym appears in the Song dynasty text Mengxi bitan Mengxi jottings In this collection of short pieces on
ARBERESHET - An answer to some people who sold their blood
Name of Poland: Poland ,Poles, Ethnonym, Polans, Lendians, Exonym and Endonym, Civitas Schinesghe, List of Country Name Etymologies Betascript Publishing
fact that the Mari did not have a designated territory before the Russian Revolution of 1917 only a 48 3 of the total Mari population lives within the Autonomous Republic of Mari El 9 The Mari ethnicity natives of Mari El represents one group of the Volga branch of the Finno Ugrian peoples Their ethnonym Mari can be translated as human being or man Their ethnicity
Neo-Latin Peoples:The Rhaeto-Romans
African Ethnonyms and Toponyms. Publisher Unknown
Helvetia is the female national personification of Switzerland officially Confœderatio Helvetica the quot Helvetic Confederation quot The allegory is typically pictured in a flowing gown with a spear and a shield emblazoned with the Swiss flag and commonly with braided hair commonly with a wreath as a symbol of confederation The name is a derivation of the ethnonym Helvetii the name of the Gaulish tribe inhabiting the Swiss Plateau prior to the Roman conquest The Helvetia figure first appears in 1672 in a play by Johann Caspar Weissenbach as a symbol of unity of the Old Swiss Confederacy in the face of the denominational disputes initiated by the Swiss Reformation Identification of the Swiss as quot Helvetians quot Hélvetiens becomes common in the 18th century particularly in the French language as in François Joseph Nicolas d Alt de Tieffenthal s very patriotic Histoire des Hélvetiens 1749 53 followed by Alexander Ludwig von Wattenwyl s Histoire de la Confédération hélvetique 1754 Helvetia appears in patriotic and political artwork in the context of the construction of a national history and identity in the early 19th century after the disintegration of the Napoleonic Helvetic Republic and she appears on official federal coins and stamps from the foundation of Switzerland as a federal state in 1848 The Swiss Confederation continues to use the name in its Latin form when it is inappropriate or inconvenient to use any or all of its four official languages Thus the name appears on postage stamps coins and other uses the full name Confœderatio Helvetica is abbreviated for uses such as the ISO 3166 1 alpha 2 and vehicle registration code CH and the ccTLD ch
Neo-Latin Peoples:The Romanians